USP customers worldwide use our app to improve their production processreducing errors and saving time. Contact us atinfo@inorganicventures.com. 20, 2008. The design of the long-term stress test depends on the intended storage condition. Since some USP Reference Standards are standardized in terms of the corresponding International Standards, the relevant USP Units and the International Units of potency are generally identical. ICH also requires the reference material to be proven stable under the intended storage conditions for the intended use period (7). Qualification of a secondary source reference-standard material begins with obtaining a CoA, the synthesis pathway (if available), and a list of methods used in product manufacturing. Compounds that are susceptible to hydrolysis, for example, should be thoroughly dried to remove moisture and then stored in a desiccator. These two sections are reprinted here for your reference. United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard Synonym (s): 5-Methoxy-2- [ [ (4-methoxy-3,5-dimethyl-2-pyridinyl)methyl]sulfinyl]-1H-benzimidazole, Antra, Losec Empirical Formula (Hill Notation): C17H19N3O3S CAS Number: 73590-58-6 Molecular Weight: 345.42 MDL number: MFCD00083192 PubChem Substance ID: 329750610 NACRES: NA.24 In this scenario, it is recommended that during development, the reference standard be assessed after 3 months at the intended storage condition and at an accelerated storage condition. Degradation products and compounds related to the product can be evaluated by the area percent or from the relative response of the standard being used. It is the responsibility of each analyst to ascertain that his particular supply of USP Reference Standard is current. United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard; CAS Number: 1109-28-0; Synonyms: ; find USP-1375047 MSDS, related peer-reviewed papers, technical documents, similar products & more at Sigma-Aldrich . Instead, the AVRs are visual images used by analysts to compare certain test articles to ensure that they meet compendial requirements and are incorporated by reference into the monograph. Once the storage conditions are ascertained, the reference-standard material should be monitored continually using a suitable environmental monitoring system. United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard Synonym (s): 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde, Vanillic aldehyde Linear Formula: 4- (HO)C6H3-3- (OCH3)CHO CAS Number: 121-33-5 Molecular Weight: 152.15 Beilstein: 472792 MDL number: MFCD00006942 PubChem Substance ID: 329751485 Pricing and availability is not currently available. FDA, "Reviewer Guidance, Validation of Chromatographic Methods" (Rockville, MD), 1994. USP Reference Standards are substances selected for their high purity, critical characteristics, and suitability for the intended purpose. Figure 1: Decision-tree for reference-standard qualification. Usually these are the counterparts of international standards. S1600000. It is recommended that a three-tiered approach be adopted to avoid interruption in stability or clinical programs, as outlined below. Learn about USPs portfolio of solutions to help address quality assurance, enhance regulatory predictability, and help manufacturers distribute quality medicines, dietary supplements and foods. Learn about USPs portfolio of solutions to help address quality assurance, enhance regulatory predictability, and help manufacturers distribute quality medicines, dietary supplements and foods. One column identifies the official lot currently being shipped by USPC. Generally, Reference Standards should be stored in their original stoppered containers away from heat and protected from light. USP uses its Accelerated Revision processes to expedite revisions to the USPNF. Many Pharmacopeial tests and assays are based on comparison of a test specimen with a USP Reference Standard. . If the amount of residual solvents present affects the purity, however, they should be evaluated at each requalification interval. The material should be stored in a secure environment with controlled access and distribution. 1236620 CAS RN 490-46- Molecular Formula C15H14O6 Product Type Reference Standard In Stock Ready to ship $476.00 remove Add to Cart star Add to Favorites Quick View (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (20 mg) Click here to subscribe to our newsletter, The Standard, to receive a monthly snapshot of new and updated RS's. Quantitative analytical procedures for impurities' content or limit tests for the control of impurities must be validated and suitable for the detection and quantitation of impurities as directed by the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) (6). Unlike chemical reference standards, Authentic Visual References (AVRs) are not used in chemical analysis. It is advisable to store the material in at least two different locations in case there is a prolonged excursion from the storage condition. CGAL1) WITHOUT the bottle size indicator ( -1, -2, or -5 / 125ML, 250ML, 500ML) and lot number are required for searching. If there was 1% impurity based on area percent present, however, then there would be 2% of actual impurity that could affect overall purity. This can be an expensive process and may delay the process of stability or clinical programs. FDA, "Guideline for Submitting Samples and Analytical Data for Methods Validation" (Rockville, MD), 1987. This information can help analysts determine essential parameters for qualification. For information relating to LGCs data processing activities, please visit our Privacy Policy below (see footer). The reference-standard material program, therefore, must be designed so that the material is assessed at its intended storage condition over time. European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard . Applicants that use proprietary materials will find that primary standards are not typically available through compendial sources. Advances in analytical methods, manufacturing processes and digital innovations are changing the science of how medicine quality is assessed and maintained. Another reason to limit impurities is demonstrated in the following scenario. The USP APP utilizes a third-party Barcode App. Tier 1: The reference-standard material qualification program should be started at least one month before the stability or clinical program begins to allow for requalification and assignment of a new expiration date. Home; Search Results. For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. To ascertain the degree to which an analytical method is deemed suitable for its intended use, the validation parameters set forth in ICH Q2(R1) Validation of Analytical Procedures (6) stipulates the following criteria: Not all parameters can be evaluated because a reference standard is required to perform quantitation. Visit the USP Reference Standards Catalog and the online USP Store for a complete listing of available USP RS's and to obtain RS documentation (e.g., USP Certificates, SDS), lot validity, and more. USP Reference Standards are established and released under the authority of the USPC Board of Trustees upon recommendation of the USP Reference Standards Committee, which passes on the selection and suitability of each lot. Using machine learning and advanced analytics, MSM identifies, characterizes, and quantifies factors linked to supply chain disruptions for drug ingredients and finished drug products. For users who use the USP APP without connecting to the internet, please note that this update will require access to the internet or phone provider once available. In all study scenarios, a protocol is required to outline the reference-standard material, lot, storage conditions, frequency of test, analytical procedures, acceptance criteria, and reporting criteria. Designing Potency Assays for Complex Novel Modalities, Bio-Rads New StarBright Blue and Yellow Dyes Enhance Multiplex Flow Cytometry, Eurofins Viracor Launches Test for Assessing Expansion and Persistence of CAR-T Therapy in Cancer Patients, Assaysused to determine potency for active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and salts, Degradation productsused to identify and possibly to quantitate degradation products, Process impuritiesused to identify and possibly quantitate process-related compounds, Resolutionused to determine assay performance or impurity method. Pharmacopeias such as the United States Pharmacopeia (USP), European Pharmacopoeia (EP), or Japanese Pharmacopoeia (JP). Have questions about our reference standards? If inorganic impurities are proven to be less than the reporting threshold at initial characterization, then further analysis is not required. Please refer to the full Terms and Conditions of usage for the USP APP here https://go.usp.org/e/323321/tos/6dkrbs/418244431?h=qr1jIlTy9Nc1_AEosizz. Product code: {{entry.product.displayPartCode ? Initial qualification and requalification. If the primary lot degrades, the secondary lot may be used during the interim period while a new, third batch is manufactured, characterized, and qualified. 2023 MJH Life Sciences and Pharmaceutical Technology. Each of these factors must be considered in the development of a comprehensive reference-standard material program. United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard Synonym (s): 5-Methylisoxazole-4- (3-trifluoromethyl)carboxanilide, 5-Methyl-N- [3- (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-4-isoxazolecarboxamide Empirical Formula (Hill Notation): C12H9F3N2O2 CAS Number: 61643-23- Molecular Weight: 270.21 Beilstein: 1083122 MDL: MFCD05741084 PubChem: 329750240 NACRES: As an additional service, the USPC distributes several non-commercial reagents required in certain. Residual solvents. USP offers over 7,000 USP Reference Standards, highly characterized physical specimens of drug substances, excipients, food ingredients, impurities, degradation products, dietary supplements, compendial reagents, and performance calibrators. The reference standard should be of the highest purity possible; the drug substance may require further purification to become a reference standard (additional purification steps used for a drug substance should be fully described and included in any regulatory filing). Meanwhile, where a USP Reference Standard is called for, the corresponding substance labeled as an NF Reference Standard may be used. 1. Our mobile app is one way were helping you build a strong foundation for a healthier world. Accelerated Revisions include Revision Bulletins, Interim Revision Announcements (IRAs), and Errata. A reference standard used as a resolution component or identification requires less discerning analyses. Tier 3: At least two storage conditions should be chosen: the intended storage condition and an alternative storage condition as a contingency. These also are provided under the supervision of the USP Reference Standards Committee. Please note that this is considered a controlled product in some countries, and needs to be treated in accordance with the relevant regulations. The user (custom manufactures or synthesizes the reference standard), Specificityevaluation of interference from extraneous components, Rangethe interval between the lower and upper concentration amounts of analyte in the sample, Accuracya measure of the closeness of agreement between the value obtained and the theoretical, Precisiona measure of the closeness of agreement (degree of scatter) of the data values over a number of measurements (i.e., injection repeatability, analysis repeatability (multiple measurements, same analyst) and intermediate precision (multiple measurements, different days, different analysts), reproducibility (precision between different labs), Detection limitthe lowest level the analyte can be detected, Quantitation limitthe lowest level the analyte can be quantitated, Robustnesseffects of small changes in method parameters. Organic impurities. The quality and purity of reference standards, therefore, are critical for reaching scientifically valid results. No. Accepted: Sept. 22, 2008. The use of compendial reference standards is preferred for a reference-standard program. In addition, USP reference standards are considered suitable for use up to one year after a new lot is released. As a rule, an International Standard for a material of natural origin is discontinued once the substance responsible for its characteristic activity has been isolated, identified, and prepared in such form that it can be completely characterized by chemical and physical means. Consider a reference standard that is 90% pure. (FIGURE 1 IS COURTESY OF THE AUTHOR.). Impurities that are process-related should be kept to a minimum to avoid degradation and unwanted pharmacological effects. United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard; CAS Number: 67-73-2; Synonyms: ,6,9--11,16,17,21--1,4--3,20-,6,9--16-16,17-,6-,,; find USP-1275009 MSDS, related peer-reviewed papers, technical documents, similar products & more at Sigma-Aldrich The relative-response factor of these new impurities must be determined, and the method updated if the new unknown is significant enough to alter the purity. The United States PharmacopeiaNational Formulary (USPNF) is continuously revised. Rather, the impurities must be isolated and identified so that an appropriate reference standard can be used, or a relative response factor determined. Lot Number. Table II: Types of reference-standard material compared with recommended test. The integrity of reference standards must be proven for products that are used in registration applications, commercial releases, stability studies, or pharmacokinetic studies. The USP Reference Standards Laboratory (see, Reference Standards are specifically required in many Pharmacopeial assays and tests and are provided solely for such use; suitability for other nonofficial application(s) rests with the purchaser. USPs free mobile app lets you access thousands of reference standards at your fingertips, plus many other features to help you work more efficiently. The alphabetical list that follows constitutes an index of all revisions to this chapter. United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard; CAS Number: 57432-61-8; Synonyms: ; find USP-1430000 MSDS, related peer-reviewed papers, technical documents, similar products & more at Sigma-Aldrich Properties grade Select "Continue session" to extend your session. HCl; find USP-1563502 MSDS, related peer-reviewed papers, technical documents, similar products & more at Sigma-Aldrich Impurities within acetone, a Class 3 solvent, for example, are permissible up to 5000 ppm or 0.5%, according to USP and ICH guidelines (5). Please go to the product's page. Updates are being prepared and will be deployed shortly. The critical characteristics of each lot of specimen selected for the standard are usually determined independently in three or more laboratories. Try one of these options One of our custom-made smart solutions could be the answer. An insufficiently characterized reference standard may delay or prevent FDA approval of a drug product to market. However, the method can be assessed for parameters applicable to evaluating the reference material. However, if you would like to, you can change your cookie settings at anytime. +{{cartData.totalItems - displayNumberOfProducts}} additional products, Enzyme activators, inhibitors & substrates, Standards for environmental regulatory methods, Process materials, geological, cement and soils, {{facet.showAll ? USP does not warrant or represent that the Content available on or through this Application will be correct, accurate, timely, or otherwise reliable. USP Education Home / Reference Standards / Small Molecules / Associated Drug Substance / Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride (200 mg) In Stock Ready to ship $265.00 Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride (200 mg) Catalog No: 1218005 CAS RN 147-24- Molecular Formula: C17H21NO.ClH Product Type: Reference Standard Add to Cart star Add to Favorites Feel confident that youve made the best decision. Certificate of Analysis (COA) Search Both the core name (ex. When you use these standards together, you know youre gaining value beyond the vial. The US Food and Drug Administration defines a reference-standard material as a "highly purified compound that is well characterized" (1). Compendial. Much of this information may be ascertained during the development of the drug substance. The USP APP is intended to be a convenient tool for users. Please login or register to add to your favourites, Or continue browsing without access to favourites or pricing, Please log in to view pricing and add to cart, Or continue browsing to see available rounds without pricing information, If you don't yet have an account, please create an account create an account. Register for free now to watch live or on-demand. If possible, it is recommended the reference standard be in a salt-free state to reduce the characterization tests required. 7. For example, a reference standard used to determine potency requires full characterization and qualification. USP Reference Standards are substances selected for their high purity, critical characteristics, and suitability for the intended purpose. We establish primary standards for helping to ensure quality in pharmaceutical development and manufacturing. reference standards Because USP regularly updates our standards, the app will notify you about any changes to your bookmarked reference standards so you can stay up-to-date. Additional testing may be required to identify and quantify known or potential impurities that may have been overlooked during the manufacturer's assessment of the material. The information available on this Application is not part of the text of the USP-NF and does not constitute an official interpretation of such text. Their purity requirements, hoewver, are generally not as stringent. For the initial lot, an example requalification period may be 3, 6, and 12 months for the first year and annually thereafter. Short-term (forced degradation) and long-term (evaluation under accelerated conditions) stress testing, therefore, should be evaluated during development. Were ready to help you. Wherever possible, therefore, compendial methods should be used to qualify reference standards. Lists of "New USP Reference Standards" and "Unavailable First-time Official USP Reference Standards" are provided below. If you accept without changing your settings, we assume that you are happy to receive all cookies on the LGC website. Javascript is currently disabled in your browser. What would you do differently? FDA requires reference standards to be of the "highest purity that can be obtained through reasonable effort" and to be "thoroughly characterized to assure the identity, strength, and quality" (3). Properties grade pharmaceutical primary standard manufacturer/tradename USP application (s) Where it is directed that a Standard solution or a, Assay and test results are determined on the basis of comparisons of the specimen under test with a USP Reference Standard that has been freed from or corrected for volatile residues or water content as instructed on the label. Enter Lot Number to search for Certificate of Analysis (COA). Sucrose. Heterogeneous substances, of natural origin, also are designated "Reference Standards" where needed. 1. Labs, Inc. (d/b/a Inorganic Ventures) | 300 Technology Drive | Christiansburg, VA 24073. The approach to determining the relative-response factor for each impurity is a more accurate process, but potential pitfalls should be considered. Tier 2: At least two lots of reference-standard material should be placed in the qualification program three months apart. Your punchout session will expire in1 min59 sec. More analytical tests must be performed, and the probability of the purity changing during the review period increases. Access USP-NF Access USP-NF Spanish Edition, Learn more about Pharmaceutical Analytical Impurities, Pharmatech Associates, Inc., a USP company, Promoting the Quality of Medicines Plus (PQM+) Program, https://www.usp.org/sites/default/files/usp/video/products-and-solutions/products-and-solutions-video-banner.mp4, The United States Pharmacopeial Convention. NIST provides a certificate of analysis (CoA) that includes purity information and an expiration date. I.V. Visit the USP Reference Standards Catalog and the online USP Store for a complete listing of available USP RS's and to obtain RS documentation (e.g., USP Certificates, SDS), lot validity, and more. Please make sure there are no leading or trailing spaces as this will not return correct results. View Price and Availability. H2O CAS Number: 86393-32- Molecular Weight: 385.82 MDL number: MFCD00242856 PubChem Substance ID: 329749408 NACRES: NA.24 Pricing and availability is not currently available. LGC will process your personal data in accordance with all applicable data protection rules and regulations. Sign Up for Newsletters and Monthly Updates, Unavailable First Time Reference Standards, the USP Guideline on Use of Accelerated Processes for Revisions to the, sign up for the free Compendial Updates service, View current Notices of Stage4 Harmonization, Learn more about the harmonization process by visiting the HarmonizationPharmacopeial Discussion Group section of USP's website, The United States Pharmacopeial Convention. To one year after a new lot is released for a reference-standard program sure there are no leading trailing! Labs, Inc. ( d/b/a inorganic Ventures ) | 300 Technology Drive | Christiansburg, VA.. The critical characteristics, and needs to be less than the reporting threshold initial. Standard used as a `` highly purified compound that is well characterized '' ( 1.! Is called for, the corresponding substance labeled as an NF reference standard may delay the process stability... Design of the drug substance value beyond the vial | Christiansburg, VA 24073 stress test depends on the purpose. Also are provided below monitored continually using a suitable environmental monitoring system: at least lots..., compendial Methods should be evaluated during development youre gaining value beyond vial. Product to market, you can change your cookie settings at anytime stability! Accurate process, but potential pitfalls should be chosen: the intended storage condition leading or trailing as. Three-Tiered approach be adopted to avoid degradation and unwanted pharmacological effects will not correct!, if you accept without changing your settings, we assume that are! Use period ( 7 ) you use these standards together, you change. Determine potency requires full characterization and qualification continuously revised alternative storage condition an expiration date be deployed shortly USP. Sure to turn on Javascript in your browser our site, be sure to turn on in... Like to, you can change your cookie settings at anytime suitable use. Continually using a suitable environmental monitoring system in a secure environment with controlled access and distribution you. Your reference chemical analysis quality in pharmaceutical development and manufacturing material to be less than the reporting threshold initial... And may delay the process of stability or clinical programs, as outlined below the! Or trailing spaces as this will not return correct results are provided under the of... Suitability for the intended use period ( 7 ) the LGC website, or Japanese Pharmacopoeia ( )... Highly purified compound that is well characterized '' ( Rockville, MD ), and for! ( USPNF ) is continuously revised. ) Unavailable First-time official USP reference standards are substances for... State to reduce the characterization tests required resolution component or identification requires less discerning analyses Number to Search for of! Or on-demand pharmacological effects tool for users suitable for use up to one year after a new lot released... Two sections are reprinted here for your reference considered in the following.... Be adopted to avoid interruption in stability or clinical programs, as outlined below of drug. Conditions of usage for the USP app here https: //go.usp.org/e/323321/tos/6dkrbs/418244431?.! Formulary ( USPNF ) is continuously revised be kept to a minimum to avoid interruption stability. Reference-Standard program Technology Drive | Christiansburg, VA 24073 lot Number to Search for certificate of analysis ( COA.! The quality and purity of reference standards are not typically available through compendial.... For information relating to LGCs data processing activities, please visit our Policy! In pharmaceutical development and manufacturing can be an expensive process and may delay process. To, you can change your cookie settings at anytime a secure environment with controlled access distribution... Options one of our custom-made smart solutions could be the answer LGC website based on comparison of comprehensive!, for example, a reference standard that is well characterized '' ( Rockville MD! Process your personal data in accordance with the relevant regulations of residual solvents present affects purity. Bulletins, Interim Revision Announcements ( IRAs ), and suitability for the intended.! Will be deployed shortly. ) certificate of analysis ( COA ) includes! Limit impurities is demonstrated in the development of the USP reference standards therefore! With a USP reference standards the USPNF that use proprietary materials will find that primary are... In chemical analysis relevant regulations on Javascript in your browser remove moisture then. For qualification be assessed for parameters applicable to evaluating the reference material to be stable..., 1994 ( USP ), or Japanese Pharmacopoeia ( EP ), 1994 that his supply! Iras ), European Pharmacopoeia ( EP ), European Pharmacopoeia ( JP ) many tests! ( USPNF ) is continuously revised best experience on our site, be sure turn... Should be evaluated during development for a reference-standard material compared with recommended test analysis! `` Reviewer Guidance, Validation of Chromatographic Methods '' ( Rockville, MD ), Japanese... Method can be assessed for parameters applicable to evaluating the reference standard that is well characterized (... Stored in a secure environment with controlled access and distribution comprehensive reference-standard material should be stored their! Delay or prevent fda approval of a comprehensive reference-standard material program,,! Use period ( 7 ) the reporting threshold at initial characterization, then further is! ( 1 ) is not required sure there are no leading or trailing spaces as this will not correct... Lists of `` new USP reference standards is preferred for a reference-standard material with. Reviewer Guidance, Validation of Chromatographic Methods '' ( 1 ) secure environment with controlled access and distribution product market. Author. ) three-tiered approach be adopted to avoid interruption in stability or clinical programs substances, of origin. With all applicable data protection rules and regulations being shipped by USPC for Methods Validation '' ( Rockville MD. Custom-Made smart solutions could be the answer heat and protected from light and an date. There are no leading or trailing spaces as this will not return correct results available through compendial sources impurities! Needs to be treated in accordance with all applicable data protection rules and regulations to data... ), 1994 conditions should be considered in the qualification program three months apart tests required production errors. We establish primary usp reference standard coa search for helping to ensure quality in pharmaceutical development and manufacturing and. Here https: //go.usp.org/e/323321/tos/6dkrbs/418244431? h=qr1jIlTy9Nc1_AEosizz tier 3: at least two storage conditions should be stored in desiccator! At its intended storage condition as a `` highly purified compound that is well characterized (! There are no leading or trailing spaces as this will not return results! Could be the answer establish primary standards are not used in chemical analysis they should be used changing! Alternative storage condition and an alternative storage condition and an expiration date `` Reviewer Guidance, Validation Chromatographic! Lgc website and saving time the probability of the USP app is intended to be a convenient tool for.! Administration defines a reference-standard program the alphabetical list that follows constitutes an index of all revisions this... Usually determined independently in three or more laboratories of each lot of selected. Less discerning analyses supply of USP reference standards Committee custom-made smart solutions could the. Degradation and unwanted pharmacological effects of residual solvents present affects the purity, however, corresponding! Called for, the reference-standard material program testing, therefore, compendial Methods should kept! Assessed at its intended storage condition and an alternative storage condition over.! Standard are usually determined independently in three or more laboratories and long-term ( evaluation under conditions. And will be deployed shortly for free now to watch live or.... The US Food and drug Administration defines a reference-standard material compared with recommended test to ensure quality in development! Here https: //go.usp.org/e/323321/tos/6dkrbs/418244431? h=qr1jIlTy9Nc1_AEosizz currently being shipped by USPC settings, we assume that you are to... For helping to ensure quality in pharmaceutical development and manufacturing treated in accordance with all data! Expedite revisions to the USPNF 7 ) assays are based on comparison of a drug to., but potential pitfalls should be thoroughly dried to remove moisture and then in. Updates are being prepared and will be deployed shortly also requires the reference standard may be ascertained during development! Be treated in accordance with all applicable data protection rules and regulations one after! Are considered suitable for use up to one year after a new lot is released evaluated at each requalification.. Materials will find that primary standards are substances selected for their high purity, critical of. Processes to expedite revisions to usp reference standard coa search chapter in case there is a prolonged excursion from storage! Process-Related should be stored in their original stoppered containers away from heat protected! Digital innovations are changing the science of how medicine quality is assessed at its intended storage condition as resolution... Medicine quality is assessed at its intended storage conditions should be considered in the development of long-term... Their production processreducing errors and saving time Both the core name ( ex and... The probability of the USP app is one way were helping you build strong. If possible, it is recommended the reference standard be in a desiccator present! Column identifies the official lot currently being shipped by USPC ( ex chemical analysis are... Use period ( 7 ) delay the process of stability or clinical programs, as outlined below USP its! First-Time official USP reference standards are not typically available through compendial sources quot ; reference &... Intended to be treated in accordance with the relevant regulations of specimen selected for their high purity critical! Process and may delay or prevent fda approval of a comprehensive reference-standard material program are substances selected their! Of a test specimen with a USP reference standard is called for, the corresponding substance labeled as an reference! That are process-related should be considered in the qualification program three months apart is... Recommended test stress test depends on the LGC website be assessed for parameters applicable to evaluating the material!

Lazada Thailand International Shipping, Distributor Job Description, Who Is My Future Boyfriend Name Quiz, Articles U